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CONTENTS
Volume 7, Number 5, September 2020
 


Abstract
The numerical simulation of shock waves in supersonic flows is challenging because of several instabilities which can affect the solution. Among them, the carbuncle phenomenon can introduce nonphysical perturbations in captured shock waves. In the present work, a hybrid numerical flux is proposed for the evaluation of the convective fluxes that avoids carbuncle and keeps high-accuracy on shocks and boundary layers. In particular, the proposed flux is a combination between an upwind approximate Riemann problem solver and the Local Lax-Friedrichs scheme. A simple strategy to mix the two uxes is proposed and tested in the framework of a discontinuous Galerkin discretisation. The approach is investigated on the subsonic flow in a channel, on the supersonic flow around a cylinder, on the supersonic flow on a flat plate and on the flow in a overexpanded rocket nozzle.

Key Words
hybrid flux; carbuncle; shock capturing; supersonic flow; discontinuous Galerkin

Address
Andrea Ferrero and Domenic D\'Ambrosio: DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy

Abstract
Non-linear energy sink (NES) is an emerging passive absorber able to mitigate the dynamic response of structures without any external energy supply, resonating with all the modes of the primary structure to control. However, its inherent non-linearities hinder its large-scale use and leads to complicated design procedures. For this purpose, an approximate design approach is herein proposed in a stochastic framework. Since loads are random in nature, the stochastic analysis of non-linear systems may be performed by means of computational intensive techniques such as Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). Alternatively, the Stochastic Linearisation (SL) technique has proven to be an e ective tool to investigate the performance of different passive control systems under random loads. Since controlled systems are generally non-classically damped and most of SL algorithms operate recursively,the computational burden required is still large for those problems that make intensive use of SL technique, as optimal design procedures. Herein, a procedure to speed up the Stochastic Linearisation technique is proposed by avoiding or strongly reducing numerical evaluations of response statistics. The ability of the proposed procedure to effectively reduce the computational effort and to reliably design the NES is showed through an applicationon a well-known case study related to the vibrations mitigation of an aircraft wing.

Key Words
Non-linear Energy Sink; stochastic linearisation; spectral moments

Address
Giacomo Navarra, Francesco Lo Iacono, Maria Oliva and Antonio Esposito: Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, Enna, Italy

Abstract
The work presented herein is a numerical investigation of the flow field inside a resonant igniter, with the aim of predicting the performances in terms of cavity temperature and noise spectrum. A resonance ignition system represens an attractive solution for the ignition of liquid rocket engines in space missions which require multiple engine re-ignitions, like for example debris removal. Furthermore, the current trend in avoiding toxic propellants leads to the adoption of green propellant which does not show hypergolic properties and so the presence of a reliable ignition system becomes fundamental. Resonant igniters are attractive for in-space thrusters due to the low weight and the absence of an electric power source. However, their performances are strongly influenced by several geometrical and environmental parameters. This motivates the study proposed in this work in which the flow field inside a resonant igniter is numerically investigated. The unsteady compressible Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations are solved by means of a finite volume scheme and the effects of several wall boundary conditions are investigated (adiabatic, isothermal, radiating). The results are compared with some available experimental data in terms of cavity temperature and noise spectrum.

Key Words
resonant igniter; liquid rocket engine; CFD; boundary conditions

Address
Antonietta Conte, Andrea Ferrero and Dario Pastrone: DIMEAS, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy

Abstract
Rectangular-to-Ellipse Shape Transition (REST) inlets are a class of inward turning inlets designed for hypersonic flight. The aerodynamic design of REST inlets involves very complex flows and shock-wave patterns. These inlets are used in highly integrated propulsive systems. Often the design of these inlets may require many geometrical constraints at different cross-section. In present work a design approach for hypersonic inward-turning inlets, adapted for REST inlets, is coupled with a multi-objective optimization procedure. The automated procedure iterates on the parametric representation and on the numerical solution of a base flow from which the REST inlet is generated by using streamline tracing and shape transition algorithms. The typical design problem of optimizing the total pressure recovery and mass flow capture of the inlet is solved by the proposed procedure. The accuracy of the optimal solutions found is discussed and the performances of the designed REST inlets are investigated by means of fully 3-D Euler and 3-D RANS analyses.

Key Words
inward turning inlet; shape transition; aerodynamic optimization

Address
Bing Xiong and Xiaoqiang Fan: College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, 410073 Changsha,PRC

Michele Ferlauto: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino Italy

Abstract
The aircraft nose landing gear (NLG) can suffer of an unstable vibration called shimmy that is responsible of discomfort and of fatigue stress on the gear strut components. An adaptive controller is proposed in this paper to cope with the aforementioned problem. It is based on a method called Modified Simple Adaptive control (MSAC) which is able of governing the NLG motion by using a feedback signal that relies on just one output of the plant. The MSAC only asks for the passivity of the controlled plant. With this aim, a parallel feedforward compensator is employed in this work to let the system satisfies the almost strictly passivity (ASP) requirements. The nonlinear equations that govern the aircraft NLG shimmy vibration behavior are used to analyzed the controlled system transient response undergoing an initial disturbance and taking into account different taxiing speed values.

Key Words
shimmy; nose landing gear; modified simple adaptive control

Address
Andrea Alaimo and Calogero Orlando: Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100, Enna, Italy


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