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Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
  Volume 1, Number 2, June 2014 , pages 197-211
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/smm.2014.1.2.197
 

Noncontact techniques for monitoring of tunnel linings
Joshua White, Stefan Hurlebaus, Parisa Shokouhi, Andreas Wittwer and Andrew Wimsatt

 
Abstract
    An investigation of tunnel linings is performed at two tunnels in the US using complimentary noncontact techniques: air-coupled ground penetrating radar (GPR), and a vehicle-mounted scanning system (SPACETEC) that combines laser, visual, and infrared thermography scanning methods. This paper shows that a combination of such techniques can maximize inspection coverage in a comprehensive and efficient manner. Since ground-truth is typically not available in public tunnel field evaluations, the noncontact techniques used are compared with two reliable in-depth contact nondestructive testing methods: ground-coupled GPR and ultrasonic tomography. The noncontact techniques are used to identify and locate the reinforcement mesh, structural steel ribs, internal layer interfaces, shallow delamination, and tile debonding. It is shown that this combination of methods can be used synergistically to provide tunnel owners with a comprehensive and efficient approach for monitoring tunnel lining conditions.
 
Key Words
    ground penetrating radar; infrared thermography; structural health monitoring; ultrasonic tomography; nondestructive testing; tunnel lining
 
Address
Joshua White and Stefan Hurlebaus:Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3136 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
Texas A&M Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University System, 3135 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Parisa Shokouhi: Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
Andreas Wittwer: SPACETEC Datengewinnung GmbH, Salzstrabe 47, 79098 Freiburg, Germany
 

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