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CONTENTS
Volume 7, Number 2, March 2020
 


Abstract
This paper analyzes the terminal descent phase of a space lander on a surface of a celestial body. A multibody approach is adopted to build the physical model of the lander and the surface. In this work, a legged landing gear system is considered. Opportune modelling of the landing gear crashbox is implemented in order to accurately predict the kinetic energy. To ensure the stability of the lander while impacting the ground and to reduce the contact forces that arise in this maneuver, the multibody model makes use of a cosimulation with a dedicated control system. Two types of control systems are considered; one with only position variables and the other with position and velocity variables. The results demonstrate the good reliability of modern multibody technology to incorporate control algorithms to carry out stability analysis of ground impact of space landers. Moreover, from a comparison between the two control systems adopted, it is shown how the velocity control leads to lower contact forces and fuel consumption.

Key Words
multibody simulation; space landers; landing stability; control system

Address
A. Pagani, R. Azzara, R. Augello and E. Carrera: Mul2 group, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy

Abstract
This paper proposes a bending analysis for a functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) plate through utilizing a two-variable shear deformation plate theory under simply-supported edge conditions. The number of unknown functions used in this theory is only four. The electric potential distribution is assumed to be a combination of a cosine function along the cartesian coordinate. Applying the analytical solutions of FGP plate by using Navier\'s approach and the principle of virtual work, the equilibrium equations are derived. The paper also discusses thoroughly the impact of applied electric voltage, plate\'s aspect ratio, thickness ratio and inhomogeneity parameter. Results are compared with the analytical solution obtained by classical plate theory, first-order-shear deformation theory, higher-order shear deformation plate theories and quasi-three-dimensional sinusoidal shear deformation plate theory.

Key Words
FG plate; piezoelectric; bending; two-variable shear plate theory; Navier\'s method

Address
Ashraf M. Zenkour: 1.) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
2.) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt

Zahra S. Hafed: 1.) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
2.) Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Khaled University, Abha 21589, Saudi Arabia

Abstract
In the current paper, a generalization of the results of Zhao et al. (2008) on a new design of C/C composite multidisc brake system is presented. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of thermal sensitivity of Carbon/Carbon (C/C) composite material on the temperature distributions, deformation, and stress during braking. In this regard, a transient temperature–displacement coupled analysis for C/C composite brake discs with frictional heat generation under simulated operating conditions is performed. An axisymmetric model for brake system is used for the finite element analysis according to the theory of energy transformation and transportation. The transient temperature distributions on the friction surfaces, deformation, and stress are obtained. To check the validity, the results are corroborated with other solutions available in the literature, wherever possible. The current study could be used as a guide in the initial design of a high performance multidisc brake system.

Key Words
thermoelastic; C/C composite brake system; finite element method

Address
Hadi Ghashochi-Bargh and Mohammad-Saeed Goodarzi: Department of Industrial, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Buein Zahra Technical University, Buein Zahra, Qazvin, Iran

Masoud Karimi: Department of Aerospace Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

Mazaher Salamat-Talab: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Arak University of Technology, Arak, Iran


Abstract
The present study deals with the repair of composite structures by bonding composite patches. The composite structure is a carbon/epoxy laminate with stacking sequence [45/-45/0/90]S. The damaged zone is simulated by a central crack and repaired by bonding symmetrical composite patches. The repair is carried out using composite patches laminated from the same elemental folds as those of the cracked specimen. Three-dimensional finite element method is used to determine the energy release rate along the front of repaired crack. The effects of the repair technique used single or double patch, the stacking sequence of the cracked composite patch and the adhesive properties were highlighted on the variations of the fracture energy in mode I and mixed mode I + II loading.

Key Words
composite patch; laminates; stacking sequence; energy release rate

Address
Nacira Azzeddine, Ameur Benkheira, Sidi Mohamed Fekih and Mohamed Belhouari: LMPM, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, BP 89, Cité Ben M\'hidi, 22000 Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria


Abstract
Based upon differential quadrature method (DQM) and nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT), mechanical-hygro-thermal vibrational analyzes of shear deformable porous functionally graded (FG) nanoplate on visco-elastic medium has been performed. The presented formulation incorporates two scale factors for examining vibrational behaviors of nano-dimension plates more accurately. The material properties for FG plate are porosity-dependent and defined employing a modified power-law form. It is supposed that the nano-size plate is exposed to hygro-thermal and variable compressive mechanical loadings. The governing equations achieved by Hamilton\'s principle are solved implementing DQM. Presented results indicate the prominence of moisture/temperature variation, damping factor, material gradient index, nonlocal coefficient, strain gradient coefficient and porosities on vibrational frequencies of FG nano-size plate.

Key Words
porous plate; hygro-thermal load; nonlocal effect; four-variable plate model; differential quadrature method

Address
Raad M. Fenjan, Luay Badr Hamad and Nadhim M. Faleh: Al-Mustansiriah University, Engineering Collage P.O. Box 46049, Bab-Muadum, Baghdad 10001, Iraq


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