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Membrane Water Treatment Volume 6, Number 3, May 2015 , pages 237-249 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/mwt.2015.6.3.237 |
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Experimental determination of liquid entry pressure (LEP) in vacuum membrane distillation for oily wastewaters |
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Gábor Rácz, Steffen Kerker, Oliver Schmitz, Benjamin Schnabel, Zoltán Kovács, Gyula Vatai, Mehrdad Ebrahimi and Peter Czermak
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Abstract | ||
In this study we investigate a laboratory scale vacuum membrane distillation system to produce pure water from model oil in water emulsion. Experimental determination of liquid entry pressure (LEP) of a commercial DuraporeTM GVPH flat sheet membrane using model emulsions in various oil concentrations has been carried out. Two different methods of liquid entry pressure determination - a frequently used, so-called static and a novel dynamic method - have been investigated. In case of static method, LEP value was found to be 2.3 bar. No significant effect of oil content on LEP was detected up to 3200 ppm. In contrast, LEP values determined with dynamic method showed strong dependence on the oil concentration of the feed and decreased from 2.0 bar to a spontaneous wetting at 0.2 bar in the range 0-250 ppm, respectively. Vacuum membrane distillation tests were also performed. The separation performance is evaluated in terms of flux behavior, total organic carbon removal and droplet size distribution of the feed and final retentate. No significant effect of oil content on the flux was found (5.05 ± 0.31 kgm-2h-1) up to 250 ppm, where a spontaneous wetting occurred. High separation performance was achieved along with the increasing oil concentration between 93.4-97.0%. | ||
Key Words | ||
liquid entry pressure; wetting phenomenon; wetted membranes, vacuum membrane; distillation; oil in water emulsion; produced water purification | ||
Address | ||
(1) Gábor Rácz, Zoltán Kovács, Gyula Vatai: Department of Food Engineering, Corvinus University of Budapest, 44 Menesi street, Budapest H-1118, Hungary; (2) Steffen Kerker, Oliver Schmitz, Benjamin Schnabel, Mehrdad Ebrahimi, Peter Czermak: Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany; (3) Peter Czermak: Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA. | ||