Elastic response of an exponentially graded beam under diverse loading scenarios Hassaine Daouadji Tahar, Abdelaziz Hadj Henni
Abstract; Full Text (1249K) .	pages 193-210.	DOI: 10.12989/csm.2026.15.3.193

Abstract
This paper investigates the plane stress behavior of a cantilever beam under variable bending loads, emphasizing a novel approach to modeling material properties. Unlike traditional methods, this study uses an exponential distribution to represent material properties that vary continuously through the thickness, leading to a more accurate depiction of inhomogeneous materials. The research encompasses three distinct loading scenarios: uniform, linear, and parabolic, all integrated within a cohesive plane elasticity framework. Each loading case is defined by specific parameters tailored to its characteristics. The findings of the study underscore the method's consistency and reliability, yielding results that are both accurate and satisfactory. Furthermore, the paper includes a detailed numerical example that demonstrates the profound influence of material gradation on the elastic field, reinforcing the practical significance and the overall effectiveness of the proposed modeling technique.

Key Words
elastic properties; functionally graded materials; modeling; static analysis; structural materials

Address
Hassaine Daouadji Tahar, Abdelaziz Hadj Henni: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tiaret, Algeria; Laboratory of Geomatics and Sustainable Development, University of Tiaret, Algeria

Comparison study for thermal buckling behavior of laminated shallow shell Ibtehal A. Sadiq, Widad I. Majeed
Abstract; Full Text (1284K) .	pages 211-226.	DOI: 10.12989/csm.2026.15.3.211

Abstract
Thermal buckling analysis of laminated shallow spherical shell using two higher order theories for first time, based on (Mantari displacement field) and (Reddy displacement field) are developed. The equations of motion are derived using Hamilton' s principle and solved using Navier-type for simply supported boundary conditions. The effect of various design parameters such as thickness ratio, orthotropy ratio, shallowness ratio and number of layer for laminated shell have been studied also compared with other published results which give good agreement and have same behavior when changing design parameters, and they are closed to each other except that thermal buckling mode sometimes changed.

Key Words
composite material; high shear deformation theory; shells; stability; thermal buckling

Address
Ibtehal A. Sadiq, Widad I. Majeed: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad,
Baghdad, Republic of Iraq

Flexural-torsional behavior of channel steel beams considering large deformation and additional torque: theory and experiment Yipei Zeng, Fuli Liu, Xianhui Yi, Langhong Tang, Songqiang Li, Xiao Li, Yong Cai
Abstract; Full Text (1733K) .	pages 227-241.	DOI: 10.12989/csm.2026.15.3.227

Abstract
This study investigates the flexural-torsional behavior of channel steel beams used in prefabricated hanger systems under large deformation. A geometrically nonlinear analytical model is developed based on Vlasov thin-walled beam theory and Green-Lagrange strain, incorporating centroid migration and the resulting additional torsional moment. The governing equations are derived using the variational principle and solved by the Galerkin method. Experimental tests on two representative channel sections subjected to mid-span concentrated loading are conducted for validation. Good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results confirms the accuracy of the proposed model. Parametric analysis shows that geometric nonlinearity and flexural-torsional coupling become increasingly significant with increasing span. The nonlinear deformation amplification factor increases from 1.02 to 1.38, while the flexural-torsional contribution rises from 2.8% to 23.7% as the span increases from 500 mm to 3000 mm. The proposed model provides a practical basis for the design of long-span prefabricated hanger systems.

Key Words
additional torsional moment; channel steel beam; flexural-torsional coupling; geometric nonlinearity; prefabricated hanger system

Address
Yipei Zeng, Fuli Liu, Xianhui Yi, Langhong Tang, Songqiang Li, Xiao Li: China Construction Fifth Bureau Installation Engineering Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 410004, China
Yong Cai: School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China

Effect of frequency and nonlocal parameter in nonlocal isotropic thermoelastic diffusive solid due to inclined load Parveen Lata, Belay Fikadu Gerba, Satya Bir Singh
Abstract; Full Text (2176K) .	pages 243-262.	DOI: 10.12989/csm.2026.15.3.243

Abstract
This study investigates the dynamic response of a nonlocal thermoelastic solid with diffusion subjected to an inclined load in the frequency domain. The work aims to analyze the combined influence of nonlocal effects and excitation frequency on the coupled thermoelastic diffusive behavior of the medium, which is important for the accurate modeling of micro- and nano-scale structures. The originality of the study lies in incorporating both nonlocal elasticity and mass diffusion effects under an inclined loading condition within a frequency domain framework. The governing equations are transformed using the time-harmonic approach and Fourier transform technique, leading to analytical expressions for displacement, stress, temperature change, and mass concentration in the transformed domain. Numerical inversion is subsequently employed to obtain the physical-domain solutions. The results reveal that both the nonlocal parameter and angular frequency significantly influence the distributions of mechanical, thermal, and diffusive fields. The presented model provides a useful theoretical framework for understanding coupled thermoelastic diffusive processes in advanced materials and nano-engineered structures.

Key Words
angular frequency; Fourier transformation; inclined load; nonlocal; stress; thermoelasticity

Address
Parveen Lata: Department of Mathematics, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, India
Belay Fikadu Gerba: Department of Mathematics, Dambi Dollo University, Oromia, Ethiopia
Satya Bir Singh: Department of Mathematics, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, India

Impact of nonlocal and two temperature parameters on a transversely isotropic thermoelastic solid due to ramp type heat Sushil, Sukhveer Singh, Parveen Lata, Satya Bir Singh
Abstract; Full Text (1372K) .	pages 263-276.	DOI: 10.12989/csm.2026.15.3.263

Abstract
This study examines the effects of nonlocality and two temperature on a transversely isotropic thermoelastic solid subjected to a ramp type heat source. The governing field equations are formulated within the framework of Green-Naghdi heat conduction theory of type-II and further solved using the Laplace and Fourier transform techniques. Analytical expressions for displacement components, stress components and conductive temperature have been obtained in the transformed domain. The numerical inversion technique has been employed to produce findings in the physical domain. The effects of nonlocal and two temperature parameters on the displacement components, conductive temperature and components of stress have been depicted graphically.

Key Words
laplace and fourier transform; nonlocal; ramp type heat; transversely isotropic thermoelastic solid; two temperature

Address
Sushil, Parveen Lata, Satya Bir Singh: Department of Mathematics, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
Sukhveer Singh: Punjabi University, APS Neighbourhood Campus, Dehla Seehan, India