Abstract
The iterative decomposition coupling formulation of the precise integration finite element method (FEM) and the
time domain boundary element method (TD-BEM) is presented for elstodynamic problems. In the formulation, the FEM node
and the BEM node are not required to be coincident on the common interface between FEM and BEM sub-domains, therefore,
the FEM and BEM are independently discretized. The force and displacement converting matrices are used to transfer data between FEM and BEMnodes on the common interface between the FEM and BEM sub-domains, to renew the nodal variables in the process of the iterations for the un-coincident FEM node and BEM node. The iterative coupling formulation for elastodynamics in current paper is of high modeling accuracy, due to the semi-analytical solution incorporated in the precise integration finite element method. The decomposition coupling formulation for elastodynamics is verified by examples of a cantilever bar under a Heaviside-type force and a harmonic load.
Key Words
the decomposition coupling formulation; elstodynamics; finite element method; boundary element method
Address
Weidong Lei, Chun Liu, Xiaofei Qin and Rui Chen: Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
Abstract
In this study, an efficient damage index is proposed to identify multiple damage cases in structural systems using the concepts of frequency response function (FRF) matrix and strain energy of a structure. The index is defined based on the change of strain energy of an element due to damage. For obtaining the strain energy stored in elements, the columnar coefficients of the FRF matrix is used. The new indicator is named here as frequency response function strain energy based index (FRFSEBI). In order to assess the performance of the proposed index for structural damage detection, some benchmark structures having a number of damage scenarios are considered. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed index even with considering noise can accurately identify the actual location and approximate severity of the damage. In order to demonstrate the high efficiency of the proposed damage index, its performance is also compared with that of the flexibility strain energy based index (FSEBI) provided in the literature.
Key Words
damage identification; damage index; strain energy; frequency response function
Address
Seyed Ahdiye Bagherahmadi and Seyed Mohammad Seyedpoor: Department of Civil Engineering, Shomal University, Amol, Iran
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate thermal post-buckling analysis of a laminated composite beam subjected under uniform temperature rising with temperature dependent physical properties. The beam is pinned at both ends and immovable ends. Under temperature rising, thermal buckling and post-buckling phenomena occurs with immovable ends of the beam. In the nonlinear kinematic model of the post-buckling problem, total Lagrangian approach is used in conjunction with the Timoshenko beam theory. Also, material properties of the laminated composite beam are temperature dependent: that is the coefficients of the governing equations are not constant. In the solution of the nonlinear problem, incremental displacementbased finite element method is used with Newton-Raphson iteration method. The effects of the fibber orientation angles, the stacking sequence of laminates and temperature rising on the post-buckling deflections, configurations and critical buckling temperatures of the composite laminated beam are illustrated and discussed in the numerical results. Also, the differences between temperature dependent and independent physical properties are investigated for post-buckling responses of laminated composite beams.
Key Words
thermal post-buckling; composite laminated beams; temperature dependent physical properties; Timoshenko Beam Theory; total lagragian finite element method
Address
Seref D. Akbas: Department of Civil Engineering, Bursa Technical University, Y
Abstract
The main aim of this research was to investigate the shear strength of non-prismatic steel fiber reinforced concrete beams under monotonic loading considering different parameters. Experimental program included tests on fifteen non-prismatic reinforced concrete beams divided into three groups. For the first and the second groups, different parameters were taken into consideration which are: steel fibers content, shear span to minimum depth ratio (a/dmin) and tapering angle (a). The third group was designed mainly to optimize the geometry of the non-prismatic concrete beams with the same concrete volume while the steel fiber ratio and the shear span were left constant in this group. The presence of steel fibers in concrete led to an increase in the load-carrying capacity in a range of 10.25%-103%. Also, the energy absorption capacity was increased due to the addition of steel fibers in a range of 18.17%-993.18% and the failure mode was changed from brittle to ductile. Tapering angle had a clear effect on the shear strength of test specimens. The increase in tapering angle from (7o) to (12o) caused an increase in the ultimate shear capacity for the test specimens. The maximum increase in ultimate load was 45.49%. The addition of steel fibers had a significant impact on the post-cracking behavior of the test specimens. Empirical equation for shear strength prediction at cracking limit state was proposed. The predicted cracking shear strength was in good agreement with the experimental findings.
Address
Musab Aied Qissab: Department of Civil Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Mohammed Munqith Salman: Department of Civil Engineering, Dijlah University College, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract
In this paper, a method is presented to identify the physical and modal parameters of multistory shear building based on substructural technique using block pulse generalized operational matrix and genetic algorithm. The substructure approach divides a complete structure into several substructures in order to significantly reduce the number of unknown parameters for
each substructure so that identification processes can be independently conducted on each substructure. Block pulse functions are set of orthogonal functions that have been used in recent years as useful tools in signal characterization. Assuming that the input-outputs data of the system are known, their original BP coefficients can be calculated using numerical method. By using generalized BP operational matrices, substructural dynamic vibration equations can be converted into algebraic equations and based on BP coefficient for each story can be estimated. A cost function can be defined for each story based on original and estimated BP coefficients and physical parameters such as mass, stiffness and damping can be obtained by minimizing cost functions with genetic algorithm. Then, the modal parameters can be computed based on physical parameters. This method does not require that all floors are equipped with sensor simultaneously. To prove the validity, numerical simulation of a shear building excited by two different normally distributed random signals is presented. To evaluate the noise effect, measurement random white noise is added to the noise-free structural responses. The results reveal the proposed method can be beneficial in structural identification with less computational expenses and high accuracy.
Address
Hosein Ghaffarzadeh: Department of Structural Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
T.Y. Yang: Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
Yaser Hosseini Ajorloo: Department of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In this work, a novel hyperbolic shear deformation theory is developed for free vibration analysis of the simply supported functionally graded plates in thermal environment and the FGM having temperature dependent material properties. This theory has only four unknowns, which is even less than the other shear deformation theories. The theory presented is variationally consistent, without the shear correction factor. The present one has a new displacement field which introduces undetermined integral variables. Equations of motion are obtained by utilizing the Hamilton\'s principles and solved via Navier\'s procedure. The convergence and the validation of the proposed theoretical model are performed to demonstrate the efficacy of the model.
Key Words
FG plates; new plate theory; vibration; analytical modeling; thermal environment
Address
Ouahiba Taleb: University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Department of Civil Engineering, Mascara, Algeria; Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l\'Eau, University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria; Laboratoire des Structures et Materiaux Avances dans le Genie Civil et Travaux Publics, Université de Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculté de Technologie, Departement de Genie Civil, Algeria
Mohammed Sid Ahmed Houari: University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Department of Civil Engineering, Mascara, Algeria; Laboratoire des Structures et Materiaux Avances dans le Genie Civil et Travaux Publics, Universite de Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculte de Technologie, Departement de Genie Civil, Algeria; Material and Hydrology Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculty of Technology, Civil Engineering Department, Algeria
Aicha Bessaim: University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Department of Civil Engineering, Mascara, Algeria; Laboratoire des Structures et Materiaux Avances dans le Genie Civil et Travaux Publics, Universite de Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculte de Technologie, Departement de Genie Civil, Algeria; Material and Hydrology Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculty of Technology, Civil Engineering Department, Algeria
Abdelouahed Tounsi: Material and Hydrology Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculty of Technology, Civil Engineering Department, Algeria; Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Laboratoire de Modelisation et Simulation Multi-echelle, Departement de Physique, Faculte des Sciences Exactes, Departement de Physique, Universite de Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria
S.R. Mahmoud: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
An incongruity is underlined about the analysis of Timoshenko beams subjected to concentrated loads modelled
through the use of generalized functions. While for Euler-Bernoulli beams this modeling always leads to effective results, on the contrary, the contemporary assumptions of concentrated external moment, interpreted as a generalized function (doublet), and of shear deformation determine inconsistent discontinuities in the deflection laws. A physical/theoretical explanation of this notneglecting incongruity is given in the text.
Key Words
Timoshenko beam; concentrated loads; generalized functions; physical incongruity
Address
Giovanni Falsone: Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, 98166 Sant
Abstract
Locally available Stainless SteelWire Mesh (SSWM) bonded on a concrete surface with an epoxy resin is explored
as an alternative method for the torsional strengthening of Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam in the present study. An experiment is conducted to understand the behavior of RC beams strengthened with a different configuration of SSWM wrapping subjected to pure torsion. The experimental investigation comprises of testing fourteen RC beams with cross section of 150 mm150 mm and length 1300 mm. The beams are reinforced with 4-10 mm diameter longitudinal bars and 2 leg-8 mm diameter stirrups at 150 mm c/c. Two beams without SSWM strengthening are used as control specimens and twelve beams are externally strengthened by six different SSWM wrapping configurations. The torsional moment and twist at first crack and at an ultimate
stage as well as torque-twist behavior of SSWM strengthened specimens are compared with control specimens. Also the failure modes of the beams are observed. The rectangular beams strengthened with corner and diagonal strip wrapping configuration exhibited better enhancement in torsional capacity compared to other wrapping configurations. The numerical simulation of SSWM strengthened RC beam under pure torsion is carried out using finite element based software ABAQUS. Results of nonlinear finite element analysis are found in good agreement with experimental results.
Key Words
reinforced concrete beams; torsional strengthening; stainless steel wire mesh; tensile strength; bond strength; torque-twist behavior
Address
Paresh V. Patel, Sunil D. Raiyani and Paurin J. Shah: Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technology, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382-481, India
Abstract
In the present study, nonlinear dynamic response of polymer-CNT-fiber multiscale nanocomposite plate resting on
elastic foundations in thermal environments using the finite element method is performed. In this regard, the governing equations are derived based on Inverse Hyperbolic Shear Deformation Theory and von Kármán geometrical nonlinearity. Three type of distribution of temperature through the thickness of the plate namely, uniform linear and nonlinear are considered. The considered element is C1-continuous with 15 DOF at each node. The effective material properties of the multiscale composite are calculated using Halpin-Tsai equations and fiber micromechanics in hierarchy. The carbon nanotubes are assumed to be
uniformly distributed and randomly oriented through the epoxy resin matrix. Five types of impulsive loads are considered, namely the step, sudden, triangular, half-sine and exponential pulses. After examining the validity of the present work, the effects of the weight percentage of SWCNTs and MWCNTs, nanotube aspect ratio, volume fraction of fibers, plate aspect, temperature, elastic foundation parameters, distribution of temperature and shape of impulsive load on nonlinear dynamic response of CNT
reinforced multi-phase laminated composite plate are studied in details.
Key Words
nonlinear dynamic response; multiscale nanocomposite; carbon nanotube; thermal environment; finite
element method
Address
Farzad Ebrahimi and Sajjad Habibi: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to investigate the bending of Euler-Bernouilli nano-beams made of bi-directional functionally graded materials (BDFGMs) using Eringen\'s non-local elasticity theory in the integral form with compare the differential form. To the best of the researchers\' knowledge, in the literature, there is no study carried out into integral form of Eringen\'s non-local elasticity theory for bending analysis of BDFGM Euler-Bernoulli nano-beams with arbitrary functions. Material properties of nano-beam are assumed to change along the thickness and length directions according to arbitrary function. The approximate analytical solutions to the bending analysis of the BDFG nano-beam are derived by using the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The differential form of Eringen\'s non-local elasticity theory reveals with increasing size effect parameter, the flexibility of the nano-beam decreases, that this is unreasonable. This problem has been resolved in the integral form of the Eringen\'s model. For all boundary conditions, it is clearly seen that the integral form of Eringen\'s model predicts the softening effect of the non-local parameter as expected. Finally, the effects of changes of some important parameters such as material length scale, BDFG index on the values of deflection of nano-beam are studied.
Key Words
bending; Euler-Bernoulli nano-beams; Bi-directional functionally graded material (BDFGM); integral form; non-local; Rayleigh-Ritz method
Address
Mohammad Zamani Nejad: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yasouj University, P.O. Box: 75914-353, Yasouj, Iran
Amin Hadi: School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Arash Omidvari: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
Abbas Rastgoo: School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
