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Wind and Structures Volume 4, Number 3, June 2001 , pages 177-196 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2001.4.3.177 |
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Development and validation of a non-linear K-e model for flow over a full-scale building |
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N.G. Wright, G.J. Easom and R.J. Hoxey(U.K.)rn
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| Abstract | ||
| At present the most popular turbulence models used for engineering solutions to flowrnproblems are the k- e and Reynolds stress models. The shortcoming of these models based on the isotropicrneddy viscosity concept and Reynolds averaging in flow fields of the type found in the field of WindrnEngineering are well documented. In view of these shortcomings this paper presents the implementationrnof a non-linear model and its evaluation for flow around a building. Tests were undertaken using thernclassical bluff body shape, a surface mounted cube, with orientations both normal and skewed at 45 o tornthe incident wind. Full-scale investigations have been undertaken at the Silsoe Research Institute with arn6 m surface mounted cube and a fetch of roughness height equal to 0.01 m. All tests were originallyrnundertaken for a number of turbulence models including the standard, RNG and MMK k- e models andrnthe differential stress model. The sensitivity of the CFD results to a number of solver parameters wasrntested. The accuracy of the turbulence model used was deduced by comparison to the full-scale predictedrnroof and wake recirculation zone lengths. Mean values of the predicted pressure coefficients were used tornfurther validate the turbulence models. Preliminary comparisons have also been made with availablernpublished experimental and large eddy simulation data. Initial investigations suggested that a suitablernturbulence model should be able to model the anisotropy of turbulent flow such as the Reynolds stressrnmodel whilst maintaining the ease of use and computational stability of the two equations models.rnTherefore development work concentrated on non-linear quadratic and cubic expansions of the Boussinesqrneddy viscosity assumption. Comparisons of these with models based on an isotropic assumption are presentedrnalong with comparisons with measured data. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| turbulence model; wind engineering; anisotropy; full-scale; bluff body; computational fluid dynamics; buildings; k- e. | ||
| Address | ||
| N.G. Wright and G.J. Easom, School of Civil Engineering, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.rnR.J. Hoxey, Environment Group, Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park Silsoe Bedford MK45 4HS, U.K. | ||