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Smart Structures and Systems Volume 6, Number 4, May 2010, pages 349-362 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2010.6.4.349 |
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Application of principal component analysis and wavelet transform to fatigue crack detection in waveguides |
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Marcello Cammarata, Piervincenzo Rizzo, Debaditya Dutta and Hoon Sohn
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| Abstract | ||
| Ultrasonic Guided Waves (UGWs) are a useful tool in structural health monitoring (SHM) applications that can benefit from built-in transduction, moderately large inspection ranges and high sensitivity to small flaws. This paper describes a SHM method based on UGWs, discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and principal component analysis (PCA) able to detect and quantify the onset and propagation of fatigue cracks in structural waveguides. The method combines the advantages of guided wave signals processed through the DWT with the outcomes of selecting defect-sensitive features to perform a multivariate diagnosis of damage. This diagnosis is based on the PCA. The framework presented in this paper is applied to the detection of fatigue cracks in a steel beam. The probing hardware consists of a PXI platform that controls the generation and measurement of the ultrasonic signals by means of piezoelectric transducers made of Lead Zirconate Titanate. Although the approach is demonstrated in a beam test, it is argued that the proposed method is general and applicable to any structure that can sustain the propagation of UGWs. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| ultrasonic guided waves; principal component analysis; fatigue crack detection; structural health monitoring. | ||
| Address | ||
| Marcello Cammarata; Laboratory for NDE and Structural Health Monitoring studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 963 Benedum Hall, 3700 OHara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA Piervincenzo Rizzo; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 949 Benedum Hall, 3700 OHara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA Debaditya Dutta; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA Hoon Sohn; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea | ||