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Smart Structures and Systems Volume 33, Number 6, June 2024 , pages 399-414 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2024.33.6.399 |
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Long-term shape sensing of bridge girders using automated ROI extraction of LiDAR point clouds |
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Ganesh Kolappan Geetha, Sahyeon Lee, Junhwa Lee and Sung-Han Sim
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| Abstract | ||
| This study discusses the long-term deformation monitoring and shape sensing of bridge girder surfaces with an automated extraction scheme for point clouds in the Region Of Interest (ROI), invariant to the position of a Light Detection And Ranging system (LiDAR). Advanced smart construction necessitates continuous monitoring of the deformation and shape of bridge girders during the construction phase. An automated scheme is proposed for reconstructing geometric model of ROI in the presence of noisy non-stationary background. The proposed scheme involves (i) denoising irrelevant background point clouds using dimensions from the design model, (ii) extracting the outer boundaries of the bridge girder by transforming and processing the point cloud data in a two-dimensional image space, (iii) extracting topology of pre-defined targets using the modified Otsu method, (iv) registering the point clouds to a common reference frame or design coordinate using extracted predefined targets placed outside ROI, and (v) defining the bounding box in the point clouds using corresponding dimensional information of the bridge girder and abutments from the design model. The surface-fitted reconstructed geometric model in the ROI is superposed consistently over a long period to monitor bridge shape and derive deflection during the construction phase, which is highly correlated. The proposed scheme of combining 2D-3D with the design model overcomes the sensitivity of 3D point cloud registration to initial match, which often leads to a local extremum. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| automated ROI extraction; displacement monitoring; full-scale bridge girder; hough transform and edge extraction; LiDAR-based point clouds; long-term shape sensing | ||
| Address | ||
| (1) Ganesh Kolappan Geetha: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, India; (2) Sahyeon Lee: Digital Convergence Research Division, Korea Expressway Corporation Research Institute, Republic of Korea; (3) Junhwa Lee: Department of Civil Engineering, Pukyong National University, Republic of Korea; (4) Sung-Han Sim: Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea. | ||