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Smart Structures and Systems Volume 18, Number 2, August 2016 , pages 197-216 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.18.2.197 |
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Cone penetrometer incorporated with dynamic cone penetration method for investigation of track substructures |
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Won-Taek Hong, Yong-Hoon Byun, Sang Yeob Kim and Jong-Sub Lee
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| Abstract | ||
| The increased speed of a train causes increased loads that act on the track substructures. To ensure the safety of the track substructures, proper maintenance and repair are necessary based on an accurate characterization of strength and stiffness. The objective of this study is to develop and apply a cone penetrometer incorporated with the dynamic cone penetration method (CPD) for investigating track substructures. The CPD consists of an outer rod for dynamic penetration in the ballast layer and an inner rod with load cells for static penetration in the subgrade. Additionally, an energy-monitoring module composed of strain gauges and an accelerometer is connected to the head of the outer rod to measure the dynamic responses during the dynamic penetration. Moreover, eight strain gauges are installed in the load cells for static penetration to measure the cone tip resistance and the friction resistance during static penetration. To investigate the applicability of the developed CPD, laboratory and field tests are performed. The results of the CPD tests, i.e., profiles of the corrected dynamic cone penetration index (CDI), profiles of the cone tip and friction resistances, and the friction ratio are obtained at high resolution. Moreover, the maximum shear modulus of the subgrade is estimated using the relationships between the static penetration resistances and the maximum shear modulus obtained from the laboratory tests. This study suggests that the CPD test may be a useful method for the characterization of track substructures. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| dynamic penetration; shear modulus; static penetration; track substructures; transferred energy | ||
| Address | ||
| Won-Taek Hong, ang Yeob Kim and Jong-Sub: School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea Yong-Hoon Byun: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801-2352, USA | ||