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Structural Monitoring and Maintenance Volume 8, Number 4, December 2021 , pages 309-328 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/smm.2021.8.4.309 |
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Geodetic monitoring on onshore wind towers: Analysis of vertical and horizontal movements and tower tilt |
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Luiz Filipe C. Canto and Andréa de Seixas
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| Abstract | ||
| The objective of this work was to develop a methodology for geodetic monitoring on onshore wind towers, to ascertain the existence of displacements from object points located in the tower and at the foundation's base. The geodesic auscultation was carried out in the Gravatá 01 and 02 wind towers of the Eólica Gravatá wind farm, located in the Brazilian municipality of Gravatá-PE, using a stable Measurement Reference System. To verify the existence of displacements, pins were implanted, with semi-spherical surfaces, at the bases of the towers being monitored, measured by means of high-precision geometric leveling and around the Gravatá 02 tower, concrete landmarks, iron rods and reflective sheets were implanted, observed using geodetic/topographic methods: GNSS survey, transverse with forced centering, three-dimensional irradiation, edge measurement method and trigonometric leveling of unilateral views. It was found that in the Gravatá 02 tower the average rays of the circular sections of the transverse welds (ST) were 1.8431 m ± 0.0005 m (ST01) and 1.6994 m ± 0.0268 m of ST22, where, 01 and 22 represent the serial number of the transverse welds along the tower. The average calculation of the deflection between the coordinates of the center of the circular section of the ST22 and the vertical reference alignment of the ST1 was 0&3176;2'39.22" ± 2.83" in the Northwest direction and an average linear difference of 0.0878 m ± 0.0078 m. The top deflection angle was 0°8'44.88" and a linear difference of | ||
| Key Words | ||
| geodetic monitoring; geodetic/topographic methods; onshore wind towers; reference/object points; vertical/horizontal movements | ||
| Address | ||
| Departament of Cartographic Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Acadêmico Hélio Ramos Avenue, n/a, 2° floor, 50740-467, Brazil. | ||
