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Steel and Composite Structures Volume 58, Number 4, February 25 2026 , pages 523-539 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2026.58.4.523 |
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Study of stainless steel microstructure by cyclic cryogenic method |
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Irina E. Volokitina, Andrey V. Volokitin, Bakhyt A. Zhautikov, Gulnura Zhumanazarova
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| Abstract | ||
| The production of wire with improved mechanical properties, capable of withstanding significant loads and maintaining integrity for a long time, faces certain technological limitations. Therefore, thermomechanical processing becomes the optimal solution for high-quality wire obtaining. Technology of stainless wire thermomechanical processing developed in this work consists of preliminary heat treatment - hardening at a temperature of 1050°C and traditional drawing with subsequent cryogenic cooling after each deformation cycle. A comparison of wire intermediate heating effect to room temperature between deformation cycles was also made, which did not change stainless steel wire microstructure and properties. The use of intermediate heating led to the formation of a unique gradient martensitic- austenitic microstructure in stainless steel wire. A nanostructured layer with a grain size of about 500 nm was formed on the surface. This thin, high-strength shell smoothly transitions into a zone with a gradually increasing grain size as it approaches the center of the wire. If intermediate heating to room temperature is not used between deformation cycles, then heating in the deformation zone does not occur. In this case, after three deformation cycles, the microstructure becomes martensitic throughout the volume of wire with 400 nm size grains. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| drawing; microstructure; martensite; nitrogen; steel; wire | ||
| Address | ||
| Irina E. Volokitina:Department of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering, Karaganda Industrial University, Respublika Avenue 30, Kazakhstan Andrey V. Volokitin:Department of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering, Karaganda Industrial University, Respublika Avenue 30, Kazakhstan Bakhyt A. Zhautikov:Department of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering, Karaganda Industrial University, Respublika Avenue 30, Kazakhstan Gulnura Zhumanazarova: Department of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering, Karaganda Industrial University, Respublika Avenue 30, Kazakhstan | ||