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Steel and Composite Structures Volume 57, Number 5, December 10 2025 , pages 405-419 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2025.57.5.405 |
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Assessment of beam-column joints in reinforced concrete and precast concrete structures based on CNN |
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Dongho Kim, Jinhyeong Heo, Minho Lee, Deuckhang Lee and Hyunjin Ju
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| Abstract | ||
| In this study, a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) based image recognition model is proposed to address the challenges in diagnosis and inspection of deteriorated buildings. With approximately 42.6% of buildings nationwide classified as aging, regular inspections are critical, yet current visual assessments are prone to a shortage of specialized personnel. While existing deep learning studies focus primarily on surface defects, this research targets the failure modes of beam-column joints which are critical elements for overall safety of structural system. Based on data collected from existing literature, a dataset was constructed by classifying the failure modes of beam-column joints in reinforced concrete and precast concrete structures according to the crack patterns at the joints. Using libraries such as TensorFlow and Grad-CAM++, the model was trained, and its performance was evaluated. The classification of joint failure modes based on the ACI 352R-02 code resulted in an accuracy of approximately 64%. In contrast, the 5-fold cross-validation results showed an accuracy of 77% and AUC (Area Under the Curve) of 80%, demonstrating the potential to develop a system that enables even non-experts to easily assess the damaged structures. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| beam-column joint; classification; image data; precast concrete; reinforced concrete | ||
| Address | ||
| Dongho Kim:Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Hankyong National University, Jungang-ro 327, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17579, Republic of Korea Jinhyeong Heo:Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Hankyong National University, Jungang-ro 327, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17579, Republic of Korea Minho Lee:School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan Deuckhang Lee:Department of Architectural Engineering, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea Hyunjin Ju:School of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Hankyong National University, Jungang-ro 327, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17579, Republic of Korea | ||