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Geomechanics and Engineering Volume 35, Number 6, December25 2023 , pages 603-615 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2023.35.6.603 |
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The responses of battered pile to tunnelling at different depths relative to the pile length |
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Mukhtiar Ali Soomro, Naeem Mangi, Dildar Ali Mangnejo and Zongyu Zhang
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| Abstract | ||
| Population growth and urbanization prompted engineers to propose more sophisticated and efficient transportation methods, such as underground transit systems. However, due to limited urban space, it is necessary to construct these tunnels in close proximity to existing infrastructure like high-rise buildings and bridges. Battered piles have been widely used for their higher stiffness and bearing capacity compared to vertical piles, making them effective in resisting lateral loads from winds, soil pressures, and impacts. Considerable prior research has been concerned with understanding the vertical pile response to tunnel excavation. However, the three-dimensional effects of tunnelling on adjacent battered piled foundations are still not investigated. This study investigates the response of a single battered pile to tunnelling at three critical depths along the pile: near the pile shaft (S), next to the pile (T), and below the pile toe (B). An advanced hypoplastic model capable of capturing small strain stiffness is used to simulate clay behaviour. The computed results reveal that settlement and load transfer mechanisms along the battered pile, resulting from tunnelling, depend significantly on the tunnel's location relative the length of the pile. The largest settlement of the battered pile occurs in the case of T. Conversely, the greatest pile head deflection is caused by tunnelling near the pile shaft. The battered pile experiences "dragload" due to negative skin friction mobilization resulting from tunnel excavation in the case of S. The battered pile is susceptible to induced bending moments when tunnelling occurs near the pile shaft S whereas the magnitude of induced bending moment is minimal in the case of B. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| battered pile; bending moment; settlement; stiff clay; tunnelling | ||
| Address | ||
| Mukhtiar Ali Soomro: School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China Naeem Mangi and Zongyu Zhang: School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China Dildar Ali Mangnejo: Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Campus, Khairpur Mir's, Sindh, Pakistan | ||