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Computers and Concrete Volume 36, Number 3, September 2025 , pages 297-315 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2025.36.3.297 |
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Analytical modeling and numerical analysis of FRP-confined low strength engineered geopolymer composites |
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Zeeshan Ahmad, Nejib Ghazouani, Khaled Mohamed Elhadi and Abdelkader Mabrouk
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| Abstract | ||
| As the demand for sustainable materials grows, geopolymer concrete (GC) has emerged as a low-carbon alternative to Portland cement concrete. However, its long-term compressive strength (CS) remains a limitation. While unconfined GC has been widely studied, limited research exists on carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)-confined GC. This study evaluates the axial performance of red mud-based geopolymer concrete (RMGC) confined with CFRP. Thirty-six cylindrical RMGC specimens (15 MPa and 30 MPa) were tested under axial loading with one or two CFRP layers. Finite element analysis (FEA), incorporating an enhanced concrete damaged plasticity model, was used to predict structural responses, and a parametric study assessed key confinement effects. Experimental results showed that CFRP confinement significantly improved CS, with increases of 91.77% and 153.85% for 15 MPa RMGC, and 52.28% and 99.33% for 30 MPa RMGC with single and double CFRP layers, respectively. Lower-strength RMGC benefited more in terms of strength, strain capacity, and ductility. The FEA model aligned well with experiments, with discrepancies of 9.1% for CS and 6.6% for strain. A new analytical equation, achieving an R2 of 0.96 and a minimal 4.48% deviation, provided improved predictive accuracy. These findings underscore the potential of CFRP confinement in enhancing RMGC's mechanical properties and offer a reliable analytical tool for FRP-confined GC systems. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| activated red mud; analytical model; CFRP sheets; finite element analysis (FEA); geopolymer concrete | ||
| Address | ||
| Zeeshan Ahmad: Department of Civil Engineering, Quaid-e-Azam College of Engineering and Technology (QCET), Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan Nejib Ghazouani: Mining Research Center, Northern Border University, Arar 73213, Saudi Arabia Khaled Mohamed Elhadi: 2) Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, PO Box 394, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia, 2) Center for Engineering and Technology Innovations, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia Abdelkader Mabrouk: Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Northern Border University, Arar 73222, Saudi Arabia | ||