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Advances in Materials Research
  Volume 13, Number 3, June 2024 (Special Issue) pages 153-160
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/amr.2024.13.3.153
 

AC and DC anodization on the electrochemical properties of SS304L: A comparison
Nur S. Azmi, Mohd N. Derman and Zuraidawani Che Daud

 
Abstract
    This study investigates the application of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) anodization techniques on stainless steel 304L (SS304L) in an ethylene glycol and ammonium fluoride (NH4F) electrolyte solution to produce a nano-porous oxide layer. With limited research on AC anodizing of stainless steel, this study focuses on comparing AC and DC anodization in terms of current density versus time response, phase analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and corrosion rate determined by linear polarization. Both AC and DC anodization were performed for 60 minutes at 50 V in an electrolyte solution containing 0.5% NH4F and 3% H2O in ethylene glycol. The results show that AC anodization exhibited higher current density compared to DC anodization. XRD analysis revealed the presence of ferrite (alpha-Fe) and austenite (gamma-Fe) phases in the as-received specimen, while both AC and DC anodized specimens exhibited only the gamma-Fe phase. The corrosion rate of the AC-anodized specimen was measured at 0.00083 mm/year, lower than the corrosion rate of the DC-anodized specimen at 0.00197 mm/year. These findings indicate that AC anodization on stainless steel offers advantages in terms of higher current density, phase transformation, and lower corrosion rate compared to DC anodization. These results highlight the need for further investigation and exploration of AC anodization as a promising technique for enhancing the electrochemical properties of stainless steel.
 
Key Words
    AC anodizing; corrosion rate; DC anodizing; linear polarization; stainless steel 304L
 
Address
1) Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),
Kampus Tetap Pauh Putra, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, 2) Frontier Materials Research, Centre of Excellence (FrontMate), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kampus Tetap Pauh Putra, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
 

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