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Advances in Environmental Research Volume 12, Number 2, June 2023 , pages 77-93 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/aer.2023.12.2.077 |
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A critical review of fluoride removal from water by using different types of adsorbents |
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Prashant S. Lingayat and Rampravesh K. Rai
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| Abstract | ||
| The water can be contaminated by natural sources or by industrial effluents. One such contaminant is fluoride. Fluoride contamination in the water environment due to natural and artificial activities has been recognized as one of the major problems worldwide. Among the commonly used treatment technologies applied for fluoride removal, the adsorption technique has been explored widely and offers a highly efficient simple and low-cost process for fluoride removal from water. This review paper the recent developments in fluoride removal from surface water by adsorption methods. Studies on fluoride removal from aqueous solutions using various carbon materials are reviewed. Various adsorbents with high fluoride removal capacity have been developed, however, there is still an urgent need to transfer the removal process to an industrial scale. Regeneration studies need to be performed to more extent to recover the adsorbent in field conditions, enhancing the economic feasibility of the process. Based on the review, technical strategies of the adsorption method including the Nano-surface effect, structural memory effect, anti-competitive adsorption and ionic sieve effect can be proposed. The design of adsorbents through these strategies can greatly improve the removal efficiency of fluoride in water and guide the development of new efficient methods for fluoride removal in the future. This paper describes brief discussions on various low-cost adsorbents used for the effective removal of fluoride from water. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| adsorbent; adsorption; contamination; fluoride removal; technical strategies | ||
| Address | ||
| Prashant S. Lingayat and Rampravesh K. Rai: Department of Civil Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Amravati 444604, India | ||
