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Advances in Environmental Research Volume 1, Number 1, March 2012 , pages 83-96 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/aer.2012.1.1.083 |
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Incorporation of water sludge, silica fume, and rice husk ash in brick making |
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Badr El-Din Ezzat Hegazy, Hanan Ahmed Fouad and Ahmed Mohammed Hassanain
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| Abstract | ||
| The water sludge is generated from the treatment of water with alum. Disposing of sludge again to the streams raises the concentrations of aluminum oxides in water, which has been linked to Alzheimer\'s disease. The use of water treatment plant (WTP) sludge in manufacturing of constructional elements achieves both the economical and environmental benefits. Due to the similar mineralogical composition of clay and WTP sludge, this study investigated the complete substitution of brick clay by sludge incorporated with some of the agricultural and industrial wastes, such as rice husk ash (RHA) and silica fume (SF). Three different series of sludge to SF to RHA proportions by weight were tried, which were (25: 50: 25%), (50: 25: 25%), and (25: 25: 50%), respectively. Each brick series was fired at 900, 1000, 1100, and 1200oC. The physical and mechanical properties of the produced bricks were then determined and evaluated according to Egyptian Standard Specifications (E.S.S.) and compared to control clay-brick. From the obtained results, it was concluded that by operating at the temperature commonly practiced in the brick kiln, a mixture consists of 50% of sludge, 25% of SF, and 25% of RHA was the optimum materials proportions to produce brick from water sludge incorporated with SF and RHA. The produced bricks properties were obviously superior to the 100% clay control-brick and to those available in the Egyptian market. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| water treatment sludge; sludge disposal; clay; brick; silica fume; rice husk ash | ||
| Address | ||
| Badr El-Din Ezzat Hegazy, Hanan Ahmed Fouad and Ahmed Mohammed Hassanain: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra, Benha University, Cairo, Egypt | ||
