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Advances in Concrete Construction Volume 5, Number 6, December 2017 , pages 639-658 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2017.5.6.639 |
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Physico-chemical and mineralogical study of ancient mortars used in Harran area (Turkey) |
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Hanifi Binici, Mehmet Akcan, Orhan Aksogan and Rifat Resatoglu
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| Abstract | ||
| Very limited studies have been accomplished concerning the historical structures around Harran area. Collected mortar samples from the historic structures in the area were tested to explore their mechanical, chemical and mineralogical properties. Mortar samples from three different points of each historical structure were taken and specified in accordance with the related standards taking into consideration their mechanical, chemical and mineralogical properties. By means of SEM-EDX the presence of organic fibres and calcite, quartz, plagioclase and muscovite minerals has been examined. Additionally, by means of XRF analysis, oxide (SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3) percentages of mortar ingredients have been specified, also. According to the test results obtained, it was confirmed that the mortars had densities ranging between 1.51-2.10 g/cm3, porosity values ranging between 8.89-35.38% and compressive strengths ranging between 5.02-5.90 MPa. Specimen HU, which has the highest durability and lowest water absorption and porosity, was the mortar taken from the most intact building in the mosque complex. This result is most likely due to the very little fine aggregate content of HU. In contrast, HUC mortars with a small amount of fine particles and brick contents yielded slightly lower compressive strengths. The interesting point of this study is the mineralogical analysis results and especially the presence of ettringite in these historic mortars linked to the use of pozzolanic materials. Survival of these historic structures in Harran Area through centuries of use and, also, having been subjected to many earthquakes can probably be explained by these properties of the mortars. | ||
| Key Words | ||
| harran; mortars; physico-chemical | ||
| Address | ||
| Hanifi Binici: Ceyhan Construction Company, Baskonus Street, Beyza Apt.9, Kahramanmaras, Turkey Mehmet Akcan: Department of Civil Engineering, Kahramnaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmras 46100, Turkey Orhan Aksogan: Toros University, Department of Civil Engineering, Mersin 33140, Turkey Rifat Resatoglu: Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus | ||
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