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CONTENTS
Volume 5, Number 2, June 2017
 


Abstract
In this study, nonlinear response of laminated functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) plate under low-velocity impact based on the Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka approach in thermal conditions is studied. The governing equations are derived based on higher-order shear deformation plate theory (HSDT) under von Karman geometrical nonlinearity assumptions. The finite element method with 15 DOF at each node and Newmark\'s numerical integration method is applied to solve the governing equations. Four types of distributions of the uniaxially aligned reinforcement material through the thickness of the plates are considered. Material properties of the CNT and matrix are assumed to be temperature dependent. Contact force between the impactor and the laminated plate is obtained with the aid of the modified nonlinear Hertzian contact law models. In the numerical example, the effect of layup (stacking sequence) and lamination angle as well as the effect of temperature variations, distribution of CNTs, volume fraction of the CNTs, the mass and the velocity of the impactor in a constant energy level and boundary conditions on the impact response of the CNTRC laminated plates are investigated in details.

Key Words
nonlinear low-velocity impact; carbon nanotube; laminated FG-CNTRC; thermal environment; Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka

Address
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.

Abstract
Nano particles have been gaining increasing attention and applied in many fields to fabricate new materials with novel functions due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In the present study two nano materials, namely nano silica (NS) and nano clay metakaolin (NMK) were partially replaced with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The replacement level was varied from 0.5 to 2.0% in OPC and blended in cement mortar with a water cement ratio of 0.40. Mechanical property studies and durability experiments such as compressive strength, tensile strength, water absorption, depth of chloride penetration test. Nano silica was synthesized from rice husk ash and analyze the size using particle size analyzer. The results indicate that the compressive and tensile strength of the cement mortars containing nano materials were higher strength compared to the plain mortar with the same water cement ratio.

Key Words
nano silica; nano metakaolin; rice husk ash; compressive strength; durability

Address
(1) M. Ashok, P. Jayabalan:
Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India;
(2) A.K. Parande:
Food Engineering Department, cftri, Mysore, Karnataka, India.

Abstract
This paper proposes a new nonlocal higher-order hyperbolic shear deformation beam theory (HSBT) for the static bending and vibration of nanoscale-beams. Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory is incorporated, in order to capture small size effects. In the present model, the transverse shear stresses account for a hyperbolic distribution and satisfy the free-traction boundary conditions on the upper and bottom surfaces of the nanobeams without using shear correction factor. Employing Hamilton's principle, the nonlocal equations of motion are derived. The governing equations are solved analytically for the edges of the beam are simply supported, and the obtained results are compared, as possible, with the available solutions found in the literature. Furthermore, the influences of nonlocal coefficient, slenderness ratio on the static bending and dynamic responses of the nanobeam are examined.

Key Words
nlocal theory; nanosize beam; hyperbolic shear deformation theory; bending; vibration

Address
IS2M Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria.

Abstract
Metal nanoparticles have been intensively studied within the past decade. Nano-sized materials have been an important subject in basic and applied sciences. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have received considerable attention due to their unique antibacterial, antifungal, and UV filtering properties, high catalytic and photochemical activity. In this study, microbiological aspects of scale formation in PVC pipelines bacteria and fungi were isolated. In the emerging issue of increased multi-resistant properties in water borne pathogens, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle are being used increasingly as antimicrobial agents. Thus, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungal concentration of ZnO nanoparticles towards pathogens microbe were examined in this study. The results obtained suggested that ZnO nanoparticles exhibit a good anti fungal activity than bactericidal effect towards all pathogens tested in in-vitro disc diffusion method (170 ppm, 100 ppm and 30 ppm). ZnO nanoparticles can be a potential antimicrobial agent due to its low cost of production and high effectiveness in antimicrobial properties, which may find wide applications in various industries to address safety issues. Stable ZnO nanoparticles were prepared and their shape and size distribution characterized by Dynamic light scattering (35.7 nm) and transmission electron microscopic TEM study for morphology identification (20 nm), UV-visible spectroscopy (230 nm), X-ray diffraction (FWHM of more intense peak corresponding to 101 planes located at 36.33° using Scherrer.s formula), FT-IR (Amines, Alcohols, Carbonyl and Nitrate ions), Zeta potential (-28.8). The antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles was investigated against Bacteria and Fungi present in drinking water PVC pipelines biofilm. In these tests, Muller Hinton agar plates were used and ZnO nanoparticles of various concentrations were supplemented in solid medium.

Key Words
ZnO nanoparticle; antimicrobial activity; bacteria; fungi; cytotoxicity assay

Address
(1) Nookala Supraja, T.N.V.K.V. Prasad:
Nanotechnology laboratory, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupathi-517502, A.P., India;
(2) B. Avinash:
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupathi-517501, India.

Abstract
In this paper, a nanobeam connected to a rotating molecular hub is considered. The vibration behavior of rotating functionally graded nanobeam based on Eringen's nonlocal theory and Euler–Bernoulli beam model is investigated. Furthermore, axial preload and porosity effect is studied. It is supposed that the material attributes of the functionally graded porous nanobeam, varies continuously in the thickness direction according to the power law model considering the even distribution of porosities. Porosity at the nanoscopic length scale can affect on the rotating functionally graded nanobeams dynamics. The equations of motion and the associated boundary conditions are derived through the Hamilton's principle and generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) is utilized to solve the equations. In this paper, the influences of some parameters such as functionally graded power (FG-index), porosity parameter, axial preload, nonlocal parameter and angular velocity on natural frequencies of rotating nanobeams with pure ceramic, pure metal and functionally graded materials are examined and some comparisons about the influence of various parameters on the natural frequencies corresponding to the simply-simply, simply-clamped, clamped-clamped boundary conditions are carried out.

Key Words
vibration; functionally graded nanobeam; porosity; rotation; Eringen's nonlocal elasticity; GDQ method

Address
(1) Javad Ehyaei, Amir Akbarshahi:
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanics, Imam Khomeini International University, 3414916818, Qazvin, Iran;
(2) Navvab Shafiei:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O. Box, 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
Superparamagnetic Zinc ferrite submicropheres are firstly synthesized via a one-pot solvothermal approach at 200-215°C for 4-8 hours. ZnCl2, FeCl3 and NaAc are used as precursors with ethylene glycol solvent. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data indicate that ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles with the grain size around 15±3 nm can be successfully synthesized via the one-pot method. The scanning/transmission electronic microscope (SEM/TEM) images further show the samples are submicrospheres self-assembled by nanoparticles with size about 375-500 nm changed with reaction conditions. Room-temperature vibration magnetic strength measurements (VMS) demonstrates the as-obtained ZnFe2O4 submicrospheres show prefect superparamagnetism, whose coercivity force and remanence are practically nil. The reaction temperature and time influence on the crystallinity, diameter, saturated magnetic intensity and morphology of the particles.

Key Words
zinc ferrite; superparamagnetism; submicrospheres; nanoparticle; solvothermal

Address
College of science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China.

Abstract
The transverse vibration of double walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) embedded in elastic medium with an initial imperfection is considered. In this paper, Timoshenko beam theory is employed. However the nonlocal theory is used for modeling the nano scale of nanotube. In addition, the governing Equations of motion are obtained utilizing the Hamilton's principle and simply-simply boundary conditions are assumed. Furthermore, the Navier method is used for determining the natural frequencies of DWCNT. Hence, some parameters such as nonlocality, curvature amplitude, Winkler and Pasternak elastic foundations and length of the curved DWCNT are analyzed and discussed. The results show that, the curvature amplitude causes to increase natural frequency. However, nonlocal coefficient and elastic foundations have important role in vibration behavior of DWCNT with imperfection.

Key Words
free vibration; double walled carbon nanotubes initial imperfection; elastic foundation

Address
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.


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