Abstract
Arsenic, which is a toxic substance in the human body, has attracted great interest due to high levels in drinking water supplied from underground resources. Novel separation methods for arsenic removal perform innovative products developed using nanomaterials. In this study, batch experiments were conducted for Adsorbsia GTO to obtain kinetics and mechanisms of As(V) sorption, and then they were compared to commercially available adsorbent MTM® and natural minerals named hematite (Fe2O3), goethite (FeOOH), and manganese dioxide (MnO2). Adsorbsia GTO fitted slightly better to the Freundlich Isotherm with high adsorption capacity of 27.25 mg/g at pH 4. MnO2 fitted to the Langmuir Isotherm very well and resulted in the highest adsorption capacity of 0.72 mg/g in natural oxides. The kinetics of all materials were modeled with "Infinite Solution Volume" and "Unreacted Core" models to understand reaction kinetics. Adsorbsia GTO fitted to models of "liquid film diffusion" and "chemical reaction" with over 0.98 of R2 value. Column studies showed that Adsorbsia GTO had breakthrough and total exchange capacities of 26.5 and 84.4 mg/ml, respectively. As a natural alternative, MnO2 with breakthrough and total exchange capacities of 4.3 and 14.2 mg/ml, fitted the models of "particle diffusion" and "reacted layer" in natural minerals.
Key Words
adsorbsia GTO, adsorption kinetics, arsenic removal, manganese dioxide, natural mineral oxides, water treatment
Address
Yelda Meyva-Zeybek: Department of Chemical Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye/ Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Türkiye/ Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Türkiye
Süer Kürklü-Kocaoğlu: Department of Chemical Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye/ Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, U.S.A.
Nilay Gizli and Mustafa Demircioğlu: Department of Chemical Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
Abstract
This work investigates the thermomechanical stability response of bio-inspired auxetic-core, shear-deformable sandwich toroidal shell segments (TSSs) with carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced face sheets. The TSSs are subjected to external pressure and thermal fields, including a uniform temperature rise and linear or nonlinear gradients along the shell thickness, and are supported by a Kerr foundation. The core of the sandwich structure features an innovative auxetic metamaterial modeled after the geometry of a butterfly, known as a butterfly-shaped auxetic design. This proposed topological design offers greater stiffness than conventional re-entrant auxetic structures with a negative Poisson's ratio (NPR). The fundamental equations are established within the framework of Reddy's third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT), and the Galerkin method is employed to obtain the nonlinear postbuckling response of the sandwich shells. Comparison with prior studies verifies the accuracy of the proposed model. Numerical analyses reveal the influence of the butterfly-shaped auxetic core's geometric parameters, thermal conditions, and Kerr foundation properties on critical buckling loads and postbuckling curves. Results demonstrate the proposed auxetic core's superior stability to traditional re-entrant auxetic structures, providing valuable insights for designing lightweight metamaterial TSSs with NPR for advanced engineering applications.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of viscoelastic support on the free vibration behavior of nanocomposite plates composed of functionally graded (FG) polymers and reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). A four-variable first shear deformation theory with nonlocal elasticity theory is used. By considering new shape functions, it is possible to explain why the transverse shear stresses and strains are parabolically distributed through the thickness of the plate and vanish at the top and bottom. Four alternative FG reinforcement patterns are used. The Halpin-Tsai model is used to calculate the effective material properties of the nanocomposite plates. Numerical results of nanoplate-FG polymer composite are compared with literature predictions to validate the results. A thorough parametric analysis revealed the influence of some important parameters on the dynamic behaviors of GNPs-reinforced FG polymer composite nanoplates, including nonlocal parameters, weight fraction, and parameters related to the viscoelastic basis.
Key Words
free vibration; graphene nanoplatelets; Halpin-Tsai model; shear deformation theory
Address
Abdelmadjid Lounis: Département D'Agronomie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre,
Université Djilali Bounaama de Khemis Miliana, Algeria/ Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi-échelle, Université de Sidi Bel Abbés, Algeria
Amina Attia: Laboratoire d'Ingénierie et Développement Durable, University of Ain Témouchent, Faculté des Sciences et de la Technologie, Département de Génie Civil et Travaux Publics, Algeria
Abdelmoumen Anis Bousahla: Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi-échelle, Université de Sidi Bel Abbés, Algeria
Abdeldjebbar Tounsi: Material and Hydrology Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculty of Technology, Civil Engineering Department, Algeria/ Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Relizane, Algeria
Abdelouahed Tounsi: Material and Hydrology Laboratory, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, Faculty of Technology, Civil Engineering Department, Algeria/ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261 Dhahran, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
Houari Heireche: Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi-échelle, Université de Sidi Bel Abbés, Algeria
S.R. Mahmoud: GRC Department, Applied College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
This study investigates the bending and buckling behavior of functionally graded multilayer graphene nanoplatelet (GPL)/polymer composite plates using an n-order refined plate theory. The theory introduces a higher-order polynomial displacement field that ensures variational consistency and eliminates the need for shear correction factors. In this formulation, shear stresses vary parabolically through the plate thickness, and stress-free conditions are satisfied at both the top and bottom surfaces, resulting in improved accuracy compared to conventional plate theories. A key innovation of this work lies in the layer-wise variation of GPL weight fractions, enabling the design of functionally graded nanocomposites with both uniform and non-uniform reinforcement patterns—specifically, UD, FG-O, FG-X, and FG-A. While most existing studies are limited to uniformly distributed GPLs or rely on lower-order theories, this study addresses these limitations by proposing an analytically tractable higher-order model that can accurately capture shear deformation effects and by systematically analyzing the mechanical influence of different GPL distribution patterns. This dual advancement fills an important gap in the literature, particularly in understanding the performance of non-uniformly graded nanocomposites under bending and buckling. The effective Young's modulus is predicted using the Halpin-Tsai micromechanics model, and the rule of mixtures is used to determine the effective Poisson's ratio and mass density. Analytical solutions for static deflection and buckling are derived for simply supported plates using the Navier solution technique. The results show that non-uniform GPL distributions, particularly FG-X and FG-O, significantly enhance bending stiffness and buckling resistance by concentrating reinforcement near high-stress regions. Additionally, increasing the GPL weight fraction and optimizing GPL geometry further improve structural performance. This study offers new insights into the tailored design of functionally graded nanocomposite plates and provides practical guidance for lightweight, high-performance structural components in aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering applications.
Key Words
functionally graded nanocomposites; Graphene nanoplatelets (GPLs); nanocomposite plates; n-order four variable refined theory; polymer composites
Address
Vagelis Plevris: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
Lazreg Hadji: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tiaret, BP 78 Zaaroura, Tiaret,14000, Algeria
Hassen Ait Atmane: Civil Engineering Department, University of Hassiba Ben Bouali, Chlef 02180, Algeria
Abstract
The use of antimicrobial fabric is one of the ways to control pandemic diseases. This research work reports development and characterization of copper-zinc oxide nanocomposite based antimicrobial fabric. In this research work copper-zinc oxide nanocomposite material is synthesized in innovative Turbo Galvano Chemical Reactor and is characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and XRD. The copper-zinc oxide nanocomposite is coated on cotton fabric by using spray coating process. The characterization of coated fabric is carried out using SEM and EDXA. The antimicrobial fabric specimens with different loading of copper-zinc nanocomposites from 1GSM to 4 GSM are tested for its efficacy to deactivate bacteria strains like Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli. The microbe's deactivation test is conducted using AATCC 100 protocol. The fabric with 4 GSM copper-zinc nanocomposite loading shown 99.9 % deactivation of colony forming units of gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. The fabric is tested for its reuse after washing cycles. It also shown less than 4% loss of nanomaterial particles after 60 standard washing cycles. The reusability of the treated fabric enhances its sustainability, reducing waste and supporting environmentally conscious textile applications. The characterization also proved the fabric is safe to use on skin. The demonstrated antimicrobial efficacy and durable integration of the nanocomposite onto fabric surfaces suggest strong potential for commercial applications in medical textiles, protective clothing, and hygiene products. This research will help to explore infinite possibilities of applications of this material in development antimicrobial surfaces.
Key Words
antimicrobial fabric; CuO/ZnO nanocomposite; nanomaterial
Address
Supriya S. More: Department of Robotics and Automation, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar, Affiliated to Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra-415414, India
Sagar More: Utopia Automation and Control, Satara, India
Pankaj S. Ghatage: Department of Automobile Engineering, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Rajaramnagar,
Affiliated to Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra-415414, India
Santosh More: Aker Powergas Pvt. Ltd., Pune, India
Abstract
The role of nanoparticles in improving acoustic properties of materials used in the musical structures based on nanocomposite porous materials is explored in this study. We integrate nanoparticles into a nanocomposite porous framework to investigate their effect on the sound absorption and acoustic properties, on the tonal quality of the sound. Micromechanical model is used to evaluate the effective nanocomposite properties and the structural behavior is analyzed by means of the mathematical modeling. We derive the governing equations of sound propagation and acoustic properties through energy relations. We assess the acoustic performance due to variation of porosity levels, nanoparticle concentration and geometric factors using the numerical method. An increase in the nanoparticle content was found to increase sound absorption and to improve harmonic stability significantly, while controlled porosity can fine tune resonance characteristics. The discovery of these findings suggests ways to design advanced musical structures having higher acoustic harmony and can lead to new developments in the design and construction of instruments.
Address
Bingze Du, Ruiqi Cao and Xinyue Li: Department of Global Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea, 24341
Abhinav Kumar: Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia/ Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India/ Department of Mechanical Engineering and Renewable Energy, Technical Engineering College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
Abstract
One-dimensional nanostructures based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted considerable attention for applications in next-generation quantum devices. However, the influence of external factors on their electronic and optical properties remains insufficiently understood. In this study, the effects of an external electric field on the electronic and optical properties of 1D van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures WS2(6,6)@MoS2(14,14) and WS2(8,8)@MoS2(16,16) were investigated within the framework of density functional theory (DFT) using the GGA-PBE approximation. The electronic band structures, complex dielectric functions, absorption coefficients, and refractive indices were computed. The results show that with increasing external electric field strength: the band gap of the vdW heterostructures WS2(6,6)@MoS2(14,14) and WS2(8,8)@MoS2(16,16) decreases, and a semiconductor-to-metal transition occurs at field strengths of 16 V and 18 V, respectively; the values of static dielectric permittivity increase due to charge redistribution; the amplitude of the absorption coefficient peak decreases and shifts to the low-energy region as a result of charge redistribution and enhanced ionic polarizability.
Key Words
absorption coefficient; bandgap; complex dielectric function; molybdenum disulfide MoS2; one-dimensional van der Waals nanostructures; refractive index; transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes; tungsten disulfide WS2
Address
Daulet Sergeyev: Department of Physics, K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, 34A Moldagulova avenue, 030000 Aktobe, Kazakhstan/ Department of Radio Electronics, T. Begeldinov Aktobe Aviation Institute, 39 Moldagulova avenue, 030012 Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Assemay Kenges and Kuanyshbek Shunkeyev: Department of Physics, K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, 34A Moldagulova avenue, 030000 Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Abstract
Maghemite (Fe2O3), copper oxide (CuO), and copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized from metal nitrate and walnut shell as an inexpensive agricultural residue by a thermal decomposition method followed by open-air calcination. Also, Fe2O3@CuO NPs and CuO@Fe2O3 NPs (core/shell nanoparticles) have been synthesized by impregnation of metal oxide NPs (core) and metal nitrate solution followed by calcination. These NPs further were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), SEM elemental mapping, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XRD). We find from the FESEM histograms that the average size of all pure and hybrid nanoparticles is less than 70 nm. Optimization of the reaction between benzaldehyde, thiourea and ethyl acetoacetate at mild reaction conditions in the presence of mentioned metal oxide nanomaterials revealed that CuO@Fe2O3NPs in water provides the best results compared to other nanomaterials. In the following, a detailed study was carried out on the Biginelli reaction with other benzaldehydes by CuO@Fe2O3NPs. The remarkable thing is that the catalyst is recyclable and the catalyst was reused up to five times. In reusing the catalyst, the reaction efficiency did not decrease significantly.
Key Words
copper oxide; core-shell; iron oxide; nanoparticles; topography
Address
Parisa Khodabandeh: Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Abbas Nikoo: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Asghar Zamani: Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran/ Nanotechnology Research Center, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
