Abstract
This study presents an analytical investigation of the free vibration behavior of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite nanobeams under hygro-thermal environments. The reinforcement of carbon nanotubes within the isotropic polymer matrix is considered in four distribution patterns: one uniform and three functionally graded distribution types. The material properties of both the carbon nanotubes and the matrix are assumed to be temperature-dependent, and the effective properties are estimated using the extended rule of mixtures. The governing equations are formulated based on the refined shear deformation beam theory in conjunction with nonlocal elasticity theory and are analytically solved for simply supported boundary conditions. The analytical results are first validated against available literature, and then extensive parametric studies are conducted to explore the effects of geometric dimensions, temperature and moisture levels, the nonlocal parameter, and various beam theories on the vibrational behavior of nanobeams.
Address
Dang Van Hieu: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Phenikaa School of Engineering, Phenikaa University, Duongnoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
Nguyen Thi Hoa and Nguyen Thi Kim Thoa: Department of Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Vehicle and Energy Engineering, Thai Nguyen University of Technology, Tichluong, Thainguyen, Vietnam
Bui Gia Phi: Faculty of Technical Fundamental, University of Transport Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the energy absorption behavior of cellular sandwich panels made of banyan wood skins and an aluminum honeycomb core under quasi-static loading conditions. The study analyzed two different setups: Type-I panels, which had banyan wood skin plates whose fibers are aligned in plane to the loading axis, and Type-II panels, which had skin plates whose fibers are aligned perpendicular to the loading axis. Both variants reliably aligned the aluminum honeycomb core with its cell axis parallel to the loading direction. An analysis was conducted on the behavior under quasi-static loading circumstances, and the capacities for absorbing energy were measured. The results showed that the energy absorption capabilities were improved during fibers along the cut (Type-I) situations in quasi-static circumstances. Type-I sandwich panels demonstrated exceptional effectiveness in absorbing impact energy, making them especially suitable for applications. Further interpretation of same is developed based on the application of machine learning algorithm. This algorithm considers the wood and aluminum properties and dimension to generate load v/s displacement behavior. The machine learning algorithm also shows the correlation of predicted data found is 99.92% with respect to actual. The algorithm best suits to find the behavioral pattern without conducting experimentation of specified sandwich panels in future application.
Key Words
aluminum; linear regression; machine learning; sandwich panels; wood specimen
Address
Shrivathsa T.V.: Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Shri Madhwa Vadiraja Institute of Technology and Management, Bantakal, Karnataka, India, 574115/ Department of Automobile Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, 560111
N.P. Puneet: Department of Automobile Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, 560111
Vijayasimha Reddy B.G.: Deparment of Mechanical Engineering, Vemana Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, 560034
Abstract
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the popular technologies for 3D printing. One significant limitation associated with this technology is the poor mechanical strength of the printed material. In this study, natural fibers (kenaf) were used for nylon filament reinforcement, and were evaluated through mechanical and morphological analysis. Kenaf fibers were submitted to water retting and bleached with 6% sodium hypochlorite solution. Then, the fibers were silanized by 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane solution before being incorporated with nylon beads using thermal extruder machine. The study groups consisted of control and 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, and 1% kenaf fibers reinforced nylon groups. For morphological analysis, fibers distribution in the filament was assessed through digital microscopic images and FeSEM cross-sectional images. Filament diameter was evaluated using digital caliper. For mechanical analysis, compression and flexural strength tests were conducted on the study samples. Both microscopic and FeSEM analysis revealed fibers distribution parallel to filament extrusion direction except for the 1% kenaf fibers reinforced group that showed some irregular fibers distribution. Filament diameter was not significantly different among the study groups. Mechanical analysis showed that 0.5% kenaf fibers reinforced group was not significantly different from the control group while the rest of the experimental groups were lower than the control group in terms of both compressive and flexural strength. Although kenaf fibers reinforcement with nylon filament showed regular morphological outcome at concentrations of 0.5% and lower, only 0.5% concentration appeared to have no significant effect on the mechanical strength of the FDM printed material, while the other studied concentration showed decreased mechanical strength.
Key Words
3D printing; FDM; Kenaf fibers
Address
Arshad F. J. Al-Kaabi: School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia/ College of Health & Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University, 00964 Baghdad, Iraq
Johari Yap Abdullah: School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia/ Dental Research Unit, Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India
Yanti Johari, Mohd Firdaus Yhaya and Nurulezah Hasbullah: School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
Abdul Manaf Abdullah: School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Abstract
The rising demand for activated carbon (AC) in filtration, environmental protection, and energy storage necessitates cost-effective and sustainable production methods. Conventional AC production relies on non-renewable resources, leading to environmental concerns and high costs. This study addresses this gap by utilizing biowaste materials, specifically sawdust and walnut shells, for AC synthesis through chemical activation using phosphoric acid. The carbonization process was conducted at 300°C, 600°C, and 700°C, followed by detailed characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Proximate Analysis, and CHNSO analysis. Adsorption capacity was assessed using iodine value measurements, which identified 600°C as the optimal temperature for activation. Carbon, hydrogen, Nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen (CHNSO) analysis revealed that walnut shell-derived AC contained 36.5% more carbon than sawdust-derived AC, making it superior for energy storage applications. SEM analysis further confirmed a more heterogeneous structure with smaller pores in walnut shell AC, enhancing its adsorption efficiency. The study underscores the potential of biowaste-derived AC as a sustainable alternative, reducing reliance on conventional carbon sources and promoting circular economy principles. These findings contribute to waste valorization efforts, demonstrating an eco-friendly approach to producing high-performance AC while addressing environmental concerns associated with agricultural and industrial waste. Future research should focus on scaling production, optimizing activation processes, and exploring practical applications of biowaste-derived AC in industrial and environmental sectors to enhance its commercial viability.
Key Words
activated carbon; adsorption capacity; biowaste; chemical activation; sustainable production
Address
Dipali L. Patil and Namdeo A. Hedaoo: Department of Civil Engineering, COEP Technological University, Pune-411005, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Sheet metal forming is one of the most valuable processes in manufacturing. Its products are used in mechanical engineering, the auto industry, warehouses, civil engineering, and architecture. Shearing and forming are two of the primary operations in sheet metal processing. They are the first fundamental stage in processing sheet metal. The quality of the forming product is a manufacturing parameter. Shearing and forming processes, including progressive, die clearance, and radius, are the main factors influencing the quality. In this paper, the effects of die clearance and die radius on burr height and stress of aluminum are investigated by simulation and experiment. The findings revealed a direct correlation between die clearance and stress on the workpiece, with smaller clearance inducing higher stress and lower burr formation. The clearance exhibited minimal influence on stress and deformation. A 6% die clearance yielded the lowest burr height. Increasing the fillet radius mitigated stress concentration, diminished the critical cross-sectional area, and lessened deformation; however, it resulted in a less defined product shape.
Key Words
burr height; die clearance; die radius; progressive die; simulation
Address
Tan Thanh Nguyen, Duong Van My, Truong Thanh Cong and Pham Thi Hong Nga: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, 01 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc ward, Ho Chi Minh City, 71307, Vietnam
